header{
  position: sticky;
  background: #fff;
  top: 0;
  font-size: 20px;
  padding: 10px;
  z-index: 1;
}
shadow::before{
  content: '';
  box-shadow: 0 0 10px 1px #333;
  position: fixed;
  width: 100%;
}
shadow::after{
  content: '';
  width: 100%;
  height: 30px;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff 50% , transparent);
  position: absolute;
}

HTML 结构也很简单

<header>LOGO</header>
<shadow></shadow>
<main>很多内容文本</main>